1950-1953

Before the first 5-year plan, China's educational system is socialized. All private schools are closed. While the system still has many organizational structures from the Republican period, education is increasingly reformed according to the Soviet-style model - particularly at the University level. In primary school, there are usually 4-year lower grade classes and 2-year upper grade classes. At the secondary level, there is a dual system of vocational and general schools. The vocational schools should qualify the students for the labor market.
The general schools should prepare for the university. In (remote) rural areas there are also community-run schools (Miniban), which should provide basic education for the farmers. Usually they are poorly equipped and staffed. In 1952 the government establishes high-level key schools (usually in cities), where the best students should be prepared for university.

Literature:

Bailey, Paul (1990): Reform the people: Changing attitudes towards popular education in early twentieth-century China. Vancover